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Glycerin Monostearate

Glycerol monostearate, also known as glyceryl monostearate or GMS, is a glycerol ester of stearic acid. It is a white or cream-colored waxy solid with a slight odor. GMS is composed of a glycerol molecule bound to one stearic acid molecule, and it is classified as both an emulsifier and a thickening agent. It is commonly used in the food industry, cosmetics, and various industrial applications.

It’s important to note that glycerol monostearate is generally regarded as safe (GRAS) for consumption in specified quantities, and it is approved for use in food and cosmetic products by regulatory agencies. The versatile properties of glycerol monostearate make it a valuable ingredient in a wide range of industries.

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Functions and Characteristics

1. Physical State: GMS is a white or cream-colored waxy solid at room temperature. Its physical state contributes to its ease of handling and incorporation into formulations.
2. Odor: GMS may have a slight odor, which is generally mild. The odor is usually not prominent and does not interfere significantly with the sensory attributes of the final product.
3. Chemical Structure: It is composed of a glycerol molecule esterified with a stearic acid molecule. This chemical structure is key to its emulsifying and stabilizing properties.
4. Hygroscopicity: GMS is hygroscopic, meaning it has the ability to attract and hold water molecules. This property is relevant in applications where moisture management is important.
5. Emulsification: GMS acts as an emulsifier, facilitating the mixing and stabilization of water and oil-based ingredients in various formulations. In food products, it helps create stable emulsions, preventing separation.
6. Texture Improvement: Glycerol monostearate enhances the texture of food products, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In foods like ice cream and whipped toppings, it contributes to a smooth and creamy mouthfeel.
7. Thickening Agent: As a thickening agent, GMS is used to increase the viscosity of formulations. This property is beneficial in creating desirable textures in products such as creams, lotions, and certain food items.
8. Stabilization: GMS acts as a stabilizer in food products like margarine, preventing the separation of water and oil components. It contributes to the overall stability and consistency of the product.

Items	index
appearance	Milk white solid powder
(%) Glycerol monostearate content	95MIN
(°C) freezing point	60-70
(g/100g) iodine value	4.0MAX
(mgKOH/g) acid value	6.0MAX
(w/%) free acid	2.5MAX
(w/%) Free glycerol	2.5MAX

Major Applications

Pharmaceutical Industry:

In pharmaceuticals, glycerol monostearate can be used as a binder and lubricant in the production of tablets and capsules.

Cosmetic Applications:

GMS is found in many cosmetic and personal care products such as lotions, creams, and makeup. It contributes to the formulation's texture, stability, and emollient properties.